In recent years, living in a wooden house has become a fashionable trend. And there are reasons for this. For example, living in it is quite comfortable and at the same time wood is an environmentally friendly building material. If earlier life in a wooden house was associated with many inconveniences, now it is comfort and the use of innovative technologies. The heating system occupies a special place in the house. Some people refuse the idea of hiring qualified specialists who charge quite a lot of money for their heating services. For this reason, they decide to make heating for a wooden house with their own hands. We will look at the basic principles of installing a heating system, as well as possible options for how and from what it can be made.
Features of the heating system in a country house
The traditional heating supply scheme in cottages and small houses is based on water heating with bottom wiring. Natural circulation is used - a slight slope for distribution pipes - or forced: with the connection of pumps.
The heating system in a separate house includes a choice of:
- boiler, electric, gas, wood or combined;
- distribution pipes made of various metals or propylene;
- heating radiators - storage tanks;
- coolant: plain water, purified or antifreeze.
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Autonomous heating in residential premises assumes low pressure in the main pipes. Therefore, when choosing radiators, you will not have to take into account the operating pressure indicator , as is the case with centralized heating. When choosing, focus on the material, its thermal conductivity, power, service life and price.
Air heating
In this case, the role of the coolant is played by air, which is heated using an air heater. Heat exchange takes place in a special heat exchanger, into which air is forcedly supplied from living quarters. After which the already heated air is distributed throughout the house using air ducts.
Advantages of air heating:
- controlled change in air temperature, which can be controlled both in individual rooms and inside the entire house made of profiled planed timber;
- high efficiency.
Disadvantages of air heating:
- dependence on electricity;
- quite labor-intensive installation;
- This type of heating should initially be calculated when designing a house made of profiled timber.
A lot is not a little
A common mistake homeowners make is selecting the size of heat exchangers according to the width of the window opening.
Feel free to leave free space by installing the required number of radiator links according to power calculations.
If you overdo it with the number of sections, you will get dry air, stuffiness or drafts from constantly open windows.
Important ! Do not install one unit of many links in a room: long structures take longer and heat up unevenly. It makes more sense to connect two sets with fewer links.
Saving on radiator sections also negatively affects the microclimate of residential premises. The cold in the rooms will force you to add firewood to the firebox or increase the supply of liquid fuel to the boiler. Operating a “water heater” at peak loads will reduce its service life and lead to excessive consumption of fuel and money. Maintain balance when choosing radiators.
Heating system "warm floor"
There are systems with electric and water heating. In the case of water heating, the coolant, that is, water, passes through a closed circuit, which is a pipe embedded in the floor screed. The coolant is heated in the boiler. In the case of an electric floor, an electric heating cable is used as tubes.
Advantages of heated floors:
- correct distribution of heat over the entire area of a particular room;
- the air does not dry out;
- absence of drafts caused by the heating system;
- does not affect the design of residential premises;
- convenient regulation of the required air temperature.
Disadvantages of the "warm floor" heating system:
- quite difficult installation;
- the height of the premises in the house is reduced;
- Quite an expensive repair.
Five installation rules
When installing, take into account the correct location of the batteries and the coolant supply to them.
- If you want to save on energy costs for the boiler , install a two-pipe heating system.
Unlike the traditional “Leningradka” (single-pipe connection), you can control the temperature in each room of a private house.
- Consider the connection location of the links, leaving at least 20 centimeters on the installation side for the process connection.
- Ensure optimal convection of warm air due to the free space at the bottom and top of the autonomous heating radiators.
- Be aware that installing heat exchangers in designer niches and screens leads to a loss of heating power. Sometimes this value exceeds 25% . Compensate for “underheating” by increasing the number of sections.
- Install Mayevsky and ball valves on heating radiators This will not only de-air, but also drain water from the pipes to clean the system.
What characteristics should you look for when choosing?
The purpose of heating devices is to transfer heat and distribute it evenly throughout the living rooms, creating a comfortable temperature in the cold season - at least 20–22 °C.
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It is difficult for a beginner to navigate the variety of radiators on the market for heating private homes. Sometimes an ignorant person pays attention only to appearance and cost . This is a misconception that can cost you dearly.
Experts recommend being guided primarily by the technical characteristics of the elements of the autonomous heat supply system. You can familiarize yourself with them in the product passport or seek the help of a sales consultant.
Attention! To determine the power of heating devices, take into account the heat loss of living rooms. They must correspond to the heat loss of the building per unit of time (one hour) , depending on the wall material, outside temperature, and climate zone.
Electric heating system
It is believed that electric heating of a private home is the most environmentally friendly method. But electric heating is a very expensive option. The use of such a system will subsequently be expensive, regardless of what you install for yourself - a heated floor system or an electric boiler, or limit yourself to convectors.
When using electricity, you will need to carefully insulate the house, otherwise the street will be heated. But electric heating of a private home can be made fully automated, and its operation will bring a lot of pleasure, in addition to ease of use.
The most popular today are infrared heaters. They consume less electricity and are extremely simple to operate. They do not heat the air in the room, as with a traditional heating system, but all solid objects falling within the radiation radius.
Heating batteries in a wooden house
Wooden houses are a type of residential structure for the construction of which environmentally friendly raw materials are used.
They are built from logs or timber and have a beneficial effect on a person and his well-being. The performance properties of wood contribute to the creation of a unique indoor microclimate. To maintain the desired temperature, it is necessary to correctly select the type of heating system and its structural elements.
What radiators should be like in a wooden house is determined by the characteristics of the building material and the characteristics of the heating network.
TM Ogint offers a wide range of heating batteries, components for installation and the necessary pipeline fittings. All elements for assembling the heating network are designed for operation in the Russian Federation and comply with the requirements of European standards.
What are the benefits of electric heating?
Bringing a highway to a site is expensive, so many homeowners are looking for other options. The use of liquid fuel boilers is not suitable for everyone, because a special container is needed to store diesel fuel. But heating a wooden house with electricity is a worthy solution to the problem. What is the rationale for this? There are many arguments:
boilers operating on electrical energy have a number of significant advantages. This includes operational safety, compactness, efficiency, noiselessness, and environmental friendliness. Electric boilers fit perfectly into the interior as they have an elegant appearance. In addition, the equipment is equipped with automation. With the help of “smart” devices, the temperature in the rooms is regulated, energy saving is ensured and control is carried out from a distance;
Electric boiler "Dakon Daline PTE" connects to any heating systems
water heating - double-circuit boilers are used for this purpose; large selection of radiators - heating batteries for a wooden house are presented in a wide range: aluminum, steel, bimetallic
Leading manufacturers pay close attention to product quality and develop interesting ideas. Aluminum batteries last a long time and have fast heat dissipation
Steel radiators are affordable, while bimetallic ones can withstand high pressure.
When considering options for heating a wooden house with electricity, you need to say a few words about the use of heaters. Basically, electrical appliances are used as additional sources. They are classified according to the nature of heat transfer. Electric heating in a wooden house is provided using different heaters:
- Oil radiators - they do not irritate the respiratory system.
- Convectors are portable devices whose operating principle is based on the passage of air from the bottom panel to the top through a heating element.
- IR devices are heaters that have a positive effect on the body.
Convectors "Zilon" take up minimal space and provide instant heating
Features of choosing radiators
When planning to install batteries in a wooden house, you need to take into account the seasonal susceptibility of natural material to shrinkage. Changes in the geometry of the walls and possible deformations in spring or autumn can lead to damage to the heating network pipes. To avoid this and prevent undesirable consequences, heating risers in a wooden house are secured using sliding joints. Thanks to this fixation, the pipes move freely over a short distance, maintaining the tightness of the network.
Typically, wooden houses are private low-rise buildings with an autonomous heating system. It is advisable to use a gas or electric boiler as a power source for the network, since solid and liquid fuel equipment requires additional safety measures.
When choosing batteries for heating a wooden house, you need to consider the following factors:
- type and characteristics of the coolant;
- pressure in communications and maximum temperature;
- heat transfer coefficient of radiators;
- cost of heating devices.
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The pressure in an autonomous heating network depends on the circulation of the working medium through the pipes. Circulation can be natural or forced. The maximum pressure value usually does not exceed 4-5 bar. In addition, in such systems the occurrence of water hammer is eliminated, and the parameters and composition of the coolant can be adjusted. Therefore, when choosing radiators for autonomous systems, there are no strict restrictions. Which batteries are best to purchase for a wooden house depends on the intensity of use of the heating network and the preferences of property owners.
Features of heating and its types
Heating installation
One important factor should be taken into account, which directly affects the choice of heating type. The tree, after a short time, loses its natural moisture and, accordingly, dries out. This will entail some consequences, namely settlement of the house. For this reason, the type of heating should be chosen individually in each case. It is first necessary to carry out careful calculations, as well as draw up a project that can facilitate installation work. One mistake in incorrect calculations can lead to the most unexpected and unpleasant consequences, for example, burst pipes or complete defrosting of the system. If the electrical heating calculations are carried out incorrectly, then the matter may end in a short circuit. And if you chose an air system, then it will be impossible to fix anything. The choice of heating type will be directly influenced by the available energy source. Today the following can act as an energy carrier:
- Liquid fuel.
- Electricity.
- Solid fuel.
- Gas.
Based on this, you can select the “heart” of the entire heating system of a wooden house - the boiler.
Types and characteristics of radiators
TM Ogint sells cast iron, aluminum and bimetallic batteries. Each type of heating device has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Cast iron
Radiators made of cast iron are reliable and durable, are resistant to corrosion and can withstand up to 12 bar. They remain functional for 50 years and are not sensitive to the composition of the coolant, but have a low level of heat transfer and significant weight. Cast iron batteries are characterized by high thermal inertia, so when installing them in a private home, thermostats should be used. They allow you to maintain the desired temperature in the premises and prevent overheating of the wood.
Aluminum
Aluminum radiators are distinguished by high thermal output and attractive design. However, in an interior where natural materials predominate and the furnishings are chosen in eco, country or Provence style, such batteries look alien. To avoid disharmony, they are covered with special screens. Aluminum radiators are susceptible to corrosion, so when installing them it is necessary to monitor the quality of the coolant and maintain the acidity of the working environment within pH 7-8.
Bimetallic
Bimetallic batteries can withstand up to 20 bar and are resistant to water hammer, so they are most often in demand when installing centralized heating networks in apartment buildings. They can also be purchased for an autonomous system in a large private house, where the level of heat transfer from radiators will allow you to save on heating the premises. The high cost of bimetallic batteries is compensated by their long service life, which is up to 20 years, and the lack of tendency to corrosion.
Pipe fittings: an integral attribute of the heating network
For the efficient functioning of the heating network and radiators, the installation of pipeline fittings should be provided. TM Ogint offers the following devices that need to be installed on batteries:
- Mayevsky cranes. They will help avoid air accumulation in the system and ensure uniform heating of all heating devices;
- thermostats. Used to control the temperature in rooms;
- shut-off valves. Allows you to carry out repair and maintenance work on individual radiators, regardless of the type of circuit and wiring of the heating network.
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Using TM Ogint products, you can assemble a reliable, cost-effective and durable heating system for a private home made of natural wood.
Aluminum heating radiators
Aluminum radiators appeared on the market relatively recently and have become popular due to their appearance. However, in addition to their beautiful appearance, they have a lot of limitations, mainly related to their characteristics. Don't install them without thinking.
Aluminum radiators have high power and quickly heat up the room, spending much less coolant than, for example, cast iron ones. Like steel, aluminum radiators fit perfectly into any interior.
Due to its chemical properties, aluminum is resistant to alkaline environments. Therefore, when installing aluminum radiators in your home, be prepared for the fact that you will have to constantly monitor the quality and pH of the coolant. The pH should be from 7 to 8, and even drinking water does not always have such indicators.
There are other nuances when installing aluminum radiators, so it is better to entrust their installation to professionals.
Radiator heating in a private house
When choosing a heating system for a summer house or home, you need to take into account installation costs, ease of use and efficiency. Water heating is equally suitable for brick, block, frame and wooden houses. This option is cheaper to use compared to installing electrical heating equipment and is more efficient than a conventional stove, the fuel for which is coal or wood.
Radiator heating in the house
A radiator heating system for a country house or cottage has an advantage over water underfloor heating, since installing pipelines and radiators is easier and faster than laying a circuit and installing a screed.
Autonomous heating differs from central heating:
- low working pressure;
- no risk of water hammer;
- the ability to regulate the temperature of the coolant, set the permissible maximum;
- the ability to adjust the acid balance of the coolant;
- efficiency.
At the design stage of an autonomous system, it is necessary to decide which heating radiators and pipes to use for installation. Its functionality, efficiency and durability depend on this.
Installation of a chimney or boiler room
The chimney can become very hot during operation of the heat generator, which carries a significant risk of wood fire. Therefore, it is necessary to use certified chimneys made of fire-resistant materials with insulation. The best option is considered to be a free-standing brick chimney with its own foundation, which rises above the house to a height of up to 2 meters.
This design provides excellent traction, effectively removes combustion products and reliably protects a wooden house from temperature effects. Installation of a gas boiler must be carried out on a fire-resistant floor or wall base. If a solid fuel heat generator is used as a heat source, it is necessary to take care of a full-fledged boiler room in which all horizontal and vertical surfaces are not hot.
The article was written for the site.
Tags:Heating boiler, Heating radiator
Types of heating batteries
To choose radiators with the best performance for heating a private home, you need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of heating batteries that the market offers. Each type of heating device should be considered based on the properties of the material and design features.
Types of heating radiators
Radiators vary
:
- by material of manufacture (steel, aluminum, cast iron, bimetallic);
- by design (sectional and solid):
- according to the principle of heat transfer (radiating thermal energy, convection and combined).
Steel
Among heating radiators for private homes, steel models are in steady demand. Their list of advantages includes:
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- relatively light weight, which simplifies installation;
- fast heating and cooling – allows you to flexibly regulate the room temperature when using a thermostat, saving fuel;
- quite long service life;
- a wide selection of models with different functionality and appearance.
Kermi steel radiator in the interior
The disadvantages of steel heating devices include:
- tendency to corrosion - such batteries are designed for installation in a closed heating system, since the free penetration of air into the coolant accelerates the process of destruction of the metal;
- tendency to become overgrown due to the rough inner surface - regular flushing of the system is required;
- restrictions on the characteristics of the coolant - the addition of alkaline reagents should be avoided.
To understand which steel heating device to choose, we will consider each type in detail. Manufacturers offer sectional, tubular, panel and convector steel heating devices.
Sectional
The battery consists of individual units, the number of which can be changed. This is a serious advantage of heating devices of this type. If the thermal calculation is performed incorrectly and the radiator power is not enough, additional sections are added. If the house has been insulated and the need for powerful radiators has disappeared, it is enough to remove the extra sections to reduce energy consumption. The advantages of sectional models also include a stylish design that will fit into any interior. The disadvantage is the large number of joints, which increases the risk of battery depressurization.
Sectional heating radiator in the interior
Tubular
Panel
Convector
Cast iron
When considering different types of radiators, one cannot ignore the classic option - cast iron batteries. To this day, working copies installed before the revolution have been preserved in old houses. In Soviet-built houses, mass-produced cast iron radiators are used.
The advantages include durability and corrosion resistance, high heat transfer, and the ability to install additional sections. The list of disadvantages includes a tendency to overgrow - over time, the heat transfer of such batteries decreases, as the free space inside the case narrows. Unlike modern heating appliances, cast iron radiators require regular painting. Disadvantages also include heavy weight, which makes transportation and installation difficult.
Before choosing a cast iron battery for a private home, you need to pay attention to its high thermal inertia. It heats up and cools down slowly, which makes it impossible to quickly regulate the microclimate in the room.
Today, in private homes, cast iron radiators are installed if they want to emphasize their individual image. Manufacturers offer original floor models, decorated with artistic castings, which will perfectly complement the interior in a classic style.
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Variety of cast iron decorative radiators
Aluminum
When deciding which heating devices are best for a private home, pay attention to aluminum models. Such radiators are in growing demand among private developers due to their light weight and ease of installation, attractive appearance, and the ability to add and remove sections. The cost of the product depends on the manufacturer. Domestic products are as affordable as possible; this is a budget country option. In a country house, it is better to install imported products; they are more reliable, but also more expensive.
Aluminum radiators:
- may leak due to the presence of threaded connections;
- aluminum is picky about the acidity of the coolant - using a liquid with unsuitable parameters damages heating devices;
- due to increased heat transfer, they can poorly warm the lower part of the room - the heated air quickly goes up and the floor remains cold.
But despite this, it is wise to choose an aluminum radiator for a private home - the metal quickly heats up and cools down, making it possible to quickly change the heating level of the room in accordance with weather conditions and microclimate requirements. In this regard, aluminum batteries are the most practical.
Bimetallic
Such heating devices combine the advantages of steel and aluminum models. The inner surface of a durable iron alloy is undemanding to the characteristics of the coolant and ensures the structural strength of the battery. The external aluminum casing is characterized by good heat transfer, due to which the radiator effectively warms the room.
The bimetallic radiator is designed for high operating and pressure testing, which makes it the optimal choice for installation in an apartment connected to a central heating network.
Considering the high cost of high-quality bimetallic models, in private homes it is better to use a budget option for heating, designed to work in an autonomous system.
Principles for calculating battery power
To choose heating radiators for a country or private house, you need to perform calculations based on the fact that to heat one square meter. m of living space requires approximately 95–125 kW. To warm up a room with average parameters (one window, one door, ceiling height up to 3 meters), it is necessary to heat the coolant to 70 °C.
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If actual parameters differ from those indicated, adjustments must be made. For example, with a ceiling height of more than 3 meters, it is necessary to increase the calculated power of the batteries as many times as the actual height exceeds the conditional one. For low ceilings, recalculation is carried out in the opposite direction.
A decrease in coolant temperature for every 10 °C relative to the specified average level forces a corresponding increase in the design power of heating devices by 15–20%. If the room is corner and has two windows, the average calculated power of the batteries is increased by 1.5 times.
The heat transfer of radiators largely depends on their connection diagram. The average calculation is based on the fact that the heated coolant is supplied to the upper side inlet, and the return is connected to the lower inlet diagonally. Other connection options are less efficient and reduce the heat dissipation of batteries by 5–10%.
Note! The number of sections for radiator models of this type should not exceed 10 pieces - further expansion will not help increase power, since the coolant will not be able to fully warm up such a battery.
Comparison of thermal power of different types of batteries
Calculating radiator parameters
Particular care should be taken when choosing panel and tubular batteries. Manufacturers include in their product line models of the same power, but with different geometric parameters. When choosing, take into account the features of the installation location - the height from the floor to the window sill, the length of the wall in an elongated room, etc.
Homeowners choosing heating devices and wanting to purchase the best options at a reasonable price opt for steel or aluminum models. The cost of the most reliable, imported bimetallic radiator is prohibitively high, and cast iron batteries have many serious disadvantages. According to statistics, those who are thinking about which radiators to choose for a private home or country house choose aluminum sectional or steel panel models based on the ratio of price and practicality.
Video with tips for choosing heating radiators:
Which heating is better for a house made of timber: autonomous or local?
The heating system option must be chosen at the house design stage. In this case, it is necessary to take into account its intended purpose. For a country house where people do not live permanently, the heating requirements are not as stringent as for a cottage where a family with children permanently lives.
Autonomous heating systems operate independently of centralized heating networks. These systems are currently the most common heating option for low-rise buildings. Individual heating is the most effective and economical option for a private house made of timber.
There are also local heating devices. These include various convectors, heat guns, fireplaces, infrared heaters, stoves, etc. Each such device can provide a comfortable temperature only in a small space. Local heaters are installed in a separate room and are most often used to heat objects not intended for permanent residence.
What metal batteries should be used in a country house?
There are a large number of battery designs on the heating equipment market. According to their design, all heaters can be divided into the following types:
- Tubular.
- Copper.
There is also a classification based on the metal used in the production of radiators. It is customary to distinguish the following equipment:
Each metal has its own performance characteristics, heat transfer coefficient and other features. To determine the best radiators, you should consider in detail the disadvantages and advantages of each.
Cast iron radiators are time-tested classics
Sectional batteries - the main advantage of cast iron is the high quality and strength of the metal. Thick-walled cast iron makes the batteries almost eternal. The advantages include:
Reliability and durability.
Possibility to add sections to increase the total power of the device.
The disadvantages include low heat transfer, unsightly appearance and large dimensions of the device, stealing free space.
In the event of an emergency shutdown of the boiler, the heated cast iron battery will cool down for a long time and will not allow the coolant temperature to drop quickly.
Bimetallic, aluminum and copper batteries - high heat transfer and reliability
If we talk about heat transfer, then you cannot find better copper and bimetallic radiators. The batteries can withstand high pressure and practically do not react to the quality of the coolant.
It is not advisable to install bimetallic models for a private home. Radiators of this type were originally developed for connection to central heating.
As an alternative, you can use aluminum batteries, which are less expensive than their bimetallic counterparts. At the same time, the heat transfer of radiators is in no way inferior to devices made of two metals.
Steel radiators are a cheap and popular option
For autonomous heating of a private home, steel heating devices are most often chosen. This is due to many factors: low cost, beautiful appearance, good heat transfer performance.
Bottom and top connections are provided, the possibility of operation in one and two-pipe heating systems.
The disadvantage of steel batteries is the susceptibility of the structure to corrosion. Another disadvantage is the inability to add power if there is an error in the calculations, as is the case with cast iron or bimetallic contractions. It is prohibited to place batteries in rooms with high humidity.
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Is gas heating suitable for a log house?
Autonomous gas fuel heaters are used very rarely in local heating systems for houses made of timber. This is due to the presence of open fire in such devices. There is another significant drawback of gas heaters. During fuel combustion, they burn oxygen in heated rooms.
At the same time, gas fuel is the most common energy carrier for autonomous heating systems in private homes. The main condition for such systems is the ability to connect to the central gas main. Modern heating boilers that run on gas are characterized by their efficiency, automated control system and high power. Such a unit can effectively heat a house made of timber with an area of several hundred square meters. There are floor-mounted and wall-mounted models of gas boilers. The latest devices can be used without installing separate chimneys. The main disadvantage of autonomous heating using such boilers is the high cost of laying a gas pipeline to the house. In the absence of such an opportunity, some developers use gas holders or liquefied gas cylinders. Such decisions are not always economically justified.
Despite all its shortcomings, gas heating is considered the most convenient and cost-effective option for a house made of timber. Very often, floor heating systems are used together with such boilers. In private houses with a small area, gas convectors can be installed. To install heating systems using gas fuel, you will need equipment such as a gas boiler (the best option is automatic wall-mounted models with a pump), polypropylene gas pipes and special shut-off valves.
It is important to design and professionally install a chimney for a gas boiler. A disk with a small hole is built into its base. To calculate and arrange the chimney structure, you will need an experienced stove maker. It is not allowed to place a gas boiler in basements. Such equipment is located in the hallway or in the kitchen. Installing a convector allows you to achieve more economical operation of the heating system, since it becomes possible to regulate the temperature in individual rooms of a log house.
How to correctly calculate the number of sections
Calculating the power of heating radiators in a country house depends on several factors. The calculations look like this:
- The thermal power of the radiator section is determined. For cast iron appliances, the performance is 100-150 W, aluminum and bimetallic – 150-180 W. You can check the power of the battery section in the technical documentation.
The heated area is calculated. Calculations are performed as follows: the length of the room is multiplied by the width. The result obtained will be the total heated area.
Calculation formula - there is a simple rule that allows you to perform the calculations yourself. For every 1 m² of heated area, a thermal power of 100 W is required.
Calculate the heating radiators of a private house. Calculation of total battery power. Calculations are performed not based on the total area of the house, but individually, for each room, based on the location of the batteries in the house. For example, you can calculate how much thermal energy is needed to warm a room with an area of 20 m², taking into account that for 1 m², 100 W of energy is required, heating a room with a ceiling height of no higher than 2.7 m is performed by a 2 kW heater. Approximately 10-15% should be added to the result obtained for possible heat loss. It turns out 2.3 kW. If there is excess heat, you can reduce heat transfer by adjusting the radiators. A thermostat, in the form of a faucet or thermostat, is installed on bimetallic and aluminum batteries.
General recommendations for installation
When you need to select batteries, you must first determine the type of heating system: autonomous, centralized. The load on the devices will depend on this. Additionally, the area of the heated object is determined. The number of sections will depend on this parameter: the larger the room, the larger the radiators should be.
At the same time, the intensity of heat loss is taken into account. To avoid rapid cooling of the air in the room, you need to position the batteries correctly. They are installed near each opening in the wall. Then warm air is removed from the room less intensively.
Radiator placement rules
When designing a heating system, it is not enough to determine the power of the devices. It is important to arrange them according to the rules. The main installation errors that lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the system: uneven heating of the air in the rooms, significant heat loss. Recommendations for installing radiators:
- the most suitable place in the room is under the windows: it is better to place the batteries in the center of the opening; a width corresponding to 70% of the window width is considered sufficient;
- the minimum distance from the wall to the radiator is 5 cm;
- leave 10 cm between the window sill and the battery;
- a gap of 10-15 cm is provided between the floor and the heating device, the most suitable value is 12 cm;
- when the battery is installed not near the opening, but on a blank wall, it is recommended to leave a gap of 20 mm between the vertical surface and the radiator.
Calculation of the number of sections
If it is not possible to install the most efficient heating devices, you can focus on the accuracy of the calculations. In this case, a sufficient number of sections is determined. 1 m³ will require 41 W of thermal power. When the windows are sealed, the value of this parameter is reduced to 34 W. To determine the total volume of the room, you need to multiply its height by the floor area. To calculate the thermal power of a room, you need to multiply its volume by a unit of thermal power (34-41 W).
Which brand of radiators is better to choose for a house outside the city?
There are Italian, German, Turkish and domestic heating radiators on the market. You can also buy several models made in China.
When determining which brand of radiator is better, you should take into account consumer reviews and the quality of the product itself. Below is the popularity ranking. The list is compiled in descending order of popularity.
All these brands are popular and have many positive reviews. Thanks to the thoughtfulness of the design, connecting heating radiators in a private home is quick and practically effortless. The product has a service life of at least 15 years and is provided with a manufacturer's warranty.
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You can choose other models based on the means, building features and technical aspects.
Rules for the location of batteries in the house
To make the most efficient connection, you must strictly follow the rules for installing heating radiators. The most effective recommendations can be identified:
- Placing radiators in a private house. Heating devices are located in such a way as to create a heat flow that reduces heat loss. Recommended installation locations for batteries are under windows, on the load-bearing wall of the building.
Methods of connecting heating radiators in a country house affect the heating efficiency. The main disadvantage of a system with forced coolant circulation is that it cannot work during a power outage. The problem is solved by connecting a generator or installing a bypass. Systems with natural circulation are ineffective and require strict adherence to slopes.
There are two options for connecting radiators - upper and lower. With natural circulation, the first method is used. The coolant is supplied through the upper outlet. Bottom connection is used for closed systems with high pressure.
What is better to use as a coolant?
Water or antifreeze can be used as a coolant. It is necessary to consider what type of radiator is installed in the heating system.
Antifreeze is not suitable for cast iron and steel batteries. For the first, the weak point is the connections between sections. Under the influence of antifreeze, the gaskets become deformed and leak. Steel batteries are sensitive to the quality of the coolant. The use of antifreeze reduces the service life.
For aluminum, copper and bimetallic batteries, any type of coolant can be used.
For a private home, it is better to use steel, cast iron and aluminum radiators. The high cost of bimetallic batteries and the lack of high pressure in autonomous systems makes their installation for heating a country house impractical.
The good old method of stove heating
Stove heating
Stove heating is one of the old means of heating indoor air. This type of heating today can be made on the basis of solid fuel, as well as using electricity. The latter is an innovative solution. In this case, heat comes from heat generators with forced and natural draft. Many people associate stove heating with wood. One of the modern developments of this kind involves a project for a fireplace and a brick stove, for example, “Buleryan”. However, in addition to firewood, you can use other heat sources, such as coal.
When installing stove heating, it is important to take into account all the instructions of SNIP. In this case, it is recommended to use it for heating a one-story and two-story house, not counting the basement. The surface of the furnace should not be allowed to heat up to temperatures above 1200° C.
When building such a heating system, you will most likely need the help of a qualified specialist, since not everyone knows how to properly lay out the firebox.
