Veneer is a traditional material for cladding furniture and doors, made from thin sections of wood. Depending on the characteristics of production, veneer is classified into peeled
(it is obtained by peeling on special machines),
planed
(is the result of planing bars) and
sawn
(it is made by sawing).
In this article we will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each type of veneer.
Peeled veneer
Rotary veneer is obtained by cutting layers of wood in a circle (in a spiral) from a cylindrical block rotating on a machine, and therefore this type of veneer has the greatest width. Typically, cheap and common wood species are used to produce rotary-cut veneer: birch, alder, beech, oak, ash, elm, linden, larch or cedar.
Here are the most characteristic features of rotary-cut veneer:
:
- Texture with large gaps between early and late wood
- High decorative qualities when peeling curly wood
- The thinnest and most inexpensive veneer available
Generally speaking, rotary-cut veneer is not the best option if you require an original appearance and an unusual cladding design. In most cases, the decorative qualities of peeled veneer are very limited, unless we are talking about the use of twisted wood, in which the smooth structure of the fibers is disturbed.
Therefore, when using this type of veneer for external cladding, all sorts of methods are used to enhance the decorative effect, for example, surface dyeing, pyrotyping (hot printing), and opaque finishing.
Did you know?
The first peeling machine was invented in the Russian Empire in 1819, after which the history of peeled veneer in Russia began. At the end of the 19th century, another German woodworking machine was created that produced a continuous strip of even thickness.
Since then, all peeling machines have been based on the fleck peeling method. We invite you to look at the process of peeling birch veneer:
Colors
The colors of the slabs are offered in a wide range, so everyone can find something that meets their design needs. You can choose transparent or translucent slabs, on which a lace pattern is applied. These slabs imitate glass and stained glass; such unusual decor is often used as a separate component that complements the overall interior. The dense monochrome coating of veneered MDF boards is presented in pastel and bright colors. If you need a light facade, you can safely choose panels with this design. The range of solutions can reach 200 options, while the execution can be either smooth or textured.
It is worth noting that white slabs are available in several shades, which allows you to achieve the ideal design solution and interior decoration. Of course, slabs made from solid wood, metal or natural stone are in great demand. This effect is created using films, patination, brushing and embossing.
Sliced veneer
Sliced veneer is obtained by cutting (planing) timber using special knives on a machine, and the size of the veneer is equal to the width of the timber. Therefore, the thinner and crooked the trees used for veneer were, the smaller the sizes of the manufactured pieces will be. Almost all types of wood, both deciduous and coniferous, are used to produce sliced veneer. This technique is also suitable for treating growths (burls) of all types of wood.
Depending on the direction of planing relative to the annual rings of wood, veneers are distinguished as radial, semi-radial, tangential and tangential-end. At the same time, pear, walnut, velvet and mahogany veneers are not divided into types. For pine veneer, there are only radial and semi-radial varieties.
Sliced veneer is a universal option for finishing furniture facades, because this technology is best able to convey all the richness and beauty of wood texture. Since the cuts can be made at different angles to the longitudinal and transverse plane of the wood, each sheet of veneer will have its own, unique texture. Sliced veneer is stacked in console stacks according to the order in which the sheets are cut so that later it is easy to select any plane pattern - say, symmetrical.
Pros and cons of the material
First, you should figure out what advantages this type of product has and what disadvantages it has, and let's start with the positive factors:
| Diversity | You can find a huge number of textures and colors, which allows you to give this or that product the desired effect. The same species can be produced in dozens of variants, which differ in shades and texture features, because what the appearance of the surface will be depends on how the wooden blanks were cut |
| Attractiveness | Wood surfaces, especially if they are valuable species, have been associated with wealth and prosperity for several centuries, so this option fits perfectly into a wide variety of environments and interiors and is a universal solution that can make the environment more comfortable |
| Ease of use | Experienced craftsmen can finish structures of the most complex shapes with veneer; it is also often used for inlaying products in the old style. This type of product allows you to create luxurious products, while the costs will be tens of times lower than when purchasing an array, the price of which is very high |
| Maintainability | If necessary, minor damage can be restored, which allows you to keep the products in excellent condition for a long period of time. Of course, areas that have curled up from moisture cannot be restored, but as for ordinary chips and scratches, you can fix them yourself |
Important! If you want to finish something yourself, then approach the issue of choosing the material with full responsibility, because the result of the work directly depends on it. Low-quality options will be cheaper, but they are significantly inferior in both texture and flexibility, which makes them much more difficult to work with.
The variety of possible options opens up wide possibilities when finishing with this material.
As for the disadvantages, they are as follows:
- High-quality products cost quite a lot due to the fact that the best wood is used for their production and the latest equipment is used, but still, in comparison with solid wood, this is a very budget option;
- If you are planning to work with the material yourself, then you should know that the greatest problems are caused by the finishing of curved elements, since wood can crack at bends, which is why such structures require the highest quality materials;
- When temperature and humidity changes, veneer begins to crack and deform, so it should only be used in heated rooms with a stable microclimate.
Careless use and storage of items in rooms with high humidity is the main enemy of this kind of coating.
Sawn veneer
Sawn veneer is the oldest type of this material, known to people for hundreds of years. In ancient times, sawn veneer, made from valuable wood, was used to make inlays, and since real masters did this, each item with veneer inlay was rightly considered a work of art.
Did you know? Sawn veneer sheets made from highland spruce and maple were used as blanks for Stradivarius and Guarneri violins.
Today, sawn veneer made from valuable wood species is not a cheap material at all. In the mass production of plywood sheets, veneer is mainly represented by inexpensive coniferous species. Among deciduous trees, oak, beech, ash, maple and other types of wood are used for sawn veneer.
Sawn veneer has a very wide application:
- As a top layer in the production of furniture and joinery (as a finishing material)
- As a blank for interior doors and wooden portals (practical equivalent of solid wood doors)
- Production of bent-glued products - staircase railings, arched windows, musical instruments
- Cladding panels for the production of steps
- As a noble top layer in the production of parquet boards (doubles and even triples the service life of the floor)
- Decorating apartment walls, finishing doorways and other design tasks.
In addition, with the help of sawn veneer, or lamella, you can perform a wide range of decorative and restoration work - make boxes, boxes and other souvenirs.
Comparative characteristics of different types of veneer
When choosing which veneer is better, it is important to imagine not only the differences between its types from a production point of view, but also the differences in consumer characteristics.
Let's compare the thickness range
types of veneer discussed above:
- Rotary cut veneer – 0.1-10 mm
- Sliced veneer - 0.2-5 mm
- Sawn veneer - 1-10 mm
As you can see, sliced veneer has the smallest maximum thickness, but the most important advantage of this type of veneer is its unusually beautiful texture. Perhaps today it is sliced veneer
has the widest application as a finishing material.
sawn veneer
is a fairly expensive material, because during its production a large percentage of the material is thrown away into sawdust.
As for rotary-cut veneer
, on the contrary, it is the cheapest, but, in most cases, it requires additional decoration for full use as cladding.
Our organization is engaged in production and subsequent sales in wholesale and retail volumes.
Door care
Wooden structures require regular preventive maintenance and veneer products are no exception.
Where to start caring for veneer doors? First of all, it is necessary to provide the products with partial shade and indirect sunlight. Because in direct sunlight, the veneer coating fades and loses its original qualities.
It is necessary to avoid getting a large amount of moisture on the veneer. Wooden veneer doors cannot be washed or rubbed with abrasive powders; for this you need to use soft cleaning wipes without alcohol, as it may cause white stains.
Care for a veneered door is carried out using a simple, slightly damp cloth (microfiber, as an option) and wood polish. In case of severe contamination, use a regular soap solution.
Wax-based polish has dirt- and dust-repellent properties and the door surface will remain clean for a long time after treatment.
What types of sliced veneer are there?
Sliced veneer can be made from any material, from any board. Basically, it is made from hardwood species such as: Oak, Beech, Ash, Maple, etc. But it is not so rare to see veneer made from coniferous wood. Just like planed wood, they came up with a classification: select, natural and rustic. As with the board, you can use the terminology - tangential and radial. We have one position: natural, but if you wish, you can drive up and choose what you like.
Specification for sliced veneer
| Wood defects | Wood type | |
| AB | ||
| Bitches healthy fused dark, partially fused | Size/Number | |
| Sapwood | Allowed sizes no more than | |
| 60 mm from the edge and 200 mm from the end | ||
| Knife marks | Depth/area | |
| not allowed | ||
| Color deviations | Minor are allowed | |
| Rotten | Not allowed | |
| Cracks along the surface | Not allowed | |
| End cracks | ||
| Chips | Not allowed | |
| Vyrovy | Not allowed | |
| Burns | Not allowed | |
| Worm-hole | Not allowed | |
Interior ideas
Veneered doors can be presented in one color, but differ in finish. Even in one corridor you can install a blind and glazed door, decorated with a luxurious print. Such models create an exquisite tandem.
For lovers of black and white colors, doors with black veneer complemented by frosted glass inserts are ideal. They look rich and luxurious against the background of light gray walls. Dark furniture and light interior elements harmoniously combine with each other.
Sources
- https://dekoriko.ru/dveri/shponirovannaya/
- https://lesoteka.com/izdeliya/shpon
- https://rykinekruki.ru/materialyi/chto-takoe-shpon/
- https://www.vsem-kvartira.ru/stroimateriali-dlya-remonta/shponirovannye-mezhkomnatnye-dveri/
- https://stroy-podskazka.ru/dveri/shponirovannye/
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Production of sliced veneer
Sliced veneer is produced using 2 methods:
1) Planing the board along 2) Planing the board across
When planing a board crosswise, the fibers break and the veneer becomes a little rough to the touch. But if you plan along the board, the fibers do not break; the veneer seems to be removed in thin sheets.
To produce our sliced veneer we use the first method. On modern equipment.
First, the board is calibrated to the required dimensions. Then it is soaked in baths under certain conditions and to the desired humidity. After which the planing itself begins. The cyclic installation drives the board in a circle, and each time it “scrapes off” a thin sheet of veneer.
After planing, each sheet of veneer goes into the dryer and is dried to the required humidity, usually furniture humidity is 6-8%.
The equipment allows you to produce up to 10,000 square meters of sliced veneer per month. The quality of the finished product will surprise you. In the production process, only environmentally friendly material, grades A-B (0-1), is used. Raw materials are supplied from different regions of Russia, but mainly from the North Caucasus.
Characteristics
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET KAINDLFURNIERTE E1 (veneered)
Application area:
Veneered chipboard (MDF) has various applications in furniture production and interior decoration, but without a load-bearing function.
Design:
- valuable wood veneer
- load-bearing slab
- valuable wood veneer
Surface: valuable wood veneer.
Dimensions:
| Thickness | Carrier plate | Dimensions |
| 9/ 13/ 16/ 19/ 23/ 26/ 29/ 39 mm | Chipboard R2 | 2800 x 2070 mm / cross veneer possible |
| 9/ 16/ 19/ 26 mm | Special sizes: 3200 x 2070 mm 3600 x 2070 mm other sizes on request | |
| 4/ 6/ 9/ 13/ 17/ 19/ 23/ 26/ 29/ 39 mm | MDF | 2800 x 2070 mm / cross veneer possible |
| 16/ 19/ 23/ 26/ 29mm | Joiner board | 2800 x 2060 mm |
| 16/ 19/ 2530mm | Birch plywood | 2500 x 1250 mm 3000 x 1500 mm |
The load-bearing slabs correspond to emission class E1
general information
| Options | Unit | Test Method | |
| Anti-scratch resistance | Coeff. 3 | Degree 2* /2N | EN 438-2:2005 |
| Stain resistance | Degree5 Degree 3 | Group 1+2 without visible change Group 3 moderate change in gloss and/or color | EN 438-2:2005 |
| Behavior towards the glow of a cigarette | Degree 3 | moderate change in gloss level and/or moderate brown spots | EN 438-2:2005 |
| Surface defects | sq.mm/sq.m. mm/sq.m | Dirt, stains Fibers, hair and scratches | EN 438-2:2005 |
QUALITY DESCRIPTION: valuable wood veneer
Quality 1A: veneered quality A, but sorted according to customer requirements:
Definition of terms:
1. Frieze: calm - without flower
2. Figure: flower – with veins
3. Contrasting stripes: half flower - half with veins
4. Barrel: - minimum 6 slabs with veneer from the same trunk
- each barrel is individually packaged
- a trunk reversal is formed by a combination of figures; only beech and oak allow the trunk to open without a flower (real rift).
Sheet width: production according to specified board widths, with the exception of the first and last sheet, tolerance +/- 2mm. Price on request
Quality A: face veneer with different structures (no flower, half flower, flower), mostly pure or having only the usual wood characteristics of face veneer (for example, light sugar in Canadian maple), without residual sheets.
Quality B: uniform color, different structures, used for the visible sides of furniture cabinets or the reverse side of the fronts, minor wood characteristics, there are residual sheets with similar structures.
Quality C: uniform color, different structures, used as the front side of cabinets or the back side of fronts, minor wood characteristics, there are residual sheets with similar structures.
Quality GZ stabilizing layer – veneer
Veneer on the reverse side - at the choice of the factory
Small opening defects and crumbled areas, sapwood, accretion, etc.
Quality KP stabilizing layer – paper
Only for dimensions 2800 x 2070 mm
Slight warping is possible, we recommend using power paper only from a thickness of 16 mm
Quality A/B-LA on the front side there are veneers and quality A and B, on the back side B and C.
The product requires less sorting costs and can in any case be used for cabinets and interior decoration
Separate sections can also be used for fronts.
Qualities from 1A to KR can be combined in any configuration!
SURFACE: valuable wood veneer.
Feature: at the customer's request, several types of veneer shell production are possible (symmetrical, longitudinal, checkerboard, inverted).
Seam gluing: all veneer strips are glued end to end to ensure perfect quality of the veneer shell.
STORAGE RECOMMENDATIONS:
Veneered boards KAINDL Veneered E1 must always be stored horizontally in stacks over the entire area of the board, in closed warehouses, avoiding exposure to moisture and direct sunlight and UV rays.
TREATMENT:
KAINDL boards E1 veneer panels can be processed using conventional woodworking machines.
The surface of the veneer boards is processed with sanding paper K 80.
To remove possible residues of glue, grease, oil, etc. It is recommended to carry out final sanding before impregnation and varnishing. In any case, it is necessary to make a control sample of veneer with a treated surface (impregnation, varnishing, oil, etc.) in order to avoid possible surface defects.
If the above recommendations are not followed, subsequent claims will not be accepted.
