Do-it-yourself staircase made of timber 150x150

100x200 block - an excellent option for a durable staircase base

If you have a two-story house or an attic, then you can’t do without a full-fledged staircase, and in order to get to the attic or harvest, an attached option will be very useful in the dacha.

Both types of products can be made from timber, so we will consider the working process for each option. Of course, it will not be possible to make an exquisite design without the appropriate experience, but in our case, practicality and functionality are most important.

In the photo: even the simplest system can be made beautiful

To build the simplest staircase, a saw, hammer and fasteners will be enough. But if you want to get a more reliable and aesthetically attractive wooden structure, the list of what you need will have to be expanded. You will need:

Materials and tools

To build the simplest staircase, a saw, hammer and fasteners will be enough. But if you want to get a more reliable and aesthetically attractive wooden structure, the list of what you need will have to be expanded. You will need:

not too heavy hammer, weighing up to 250 g;
a saw straightened and comfortable - there is a lot of work to do for it;
an ax or chisel, necessary in a number of operations;
brush and composition for processing wood material;
nails 80-90 mm long. You can use screws, but practice shows that using nails the product is no less durable, but it is still easier to fasten with them;
sandpaper or sanding machine;
tape measure with marker or pencil;
studs and wrench for fitting tie rods on a wooden ladder.

In order to make a simple version of the design, nothing else is needed. If you decide to go further, figure out for yourself what tools you are missing.

To strengthen the structure, it is also recommended to install stringers in the cuts of the load-bearing floor beam.

Step-by-step self-production

A wooden ladder is quite easy to make with your own hands.

To do this, you must first stock up on the necessary materials and tools. The sequence of actions during manufacturing will allow you to avoid errors that could lead to deterioration in the functional qualities of the device.

Tools and materials

Manufacturing will require a certain amount of materials and tools. Representing a solid structure of two long beams and a certain number of cross beams, an extension ladder for fastening the parts together may require screws, a screwdriver, and wood glue. The tools you will need are a saw, a level, corners (in some versions of the stairs they can be used to support steps), and rubber “shoes” to create a stop.

Sequencing

In order for the ladder to be as stable and convenient as possible during use, it should be made no longer than 5 m, the distance between the crossbars is about 35 cm. Metal crossbars are installed below and above, and if the length is sufficient, every 2 m: they ensure the rigidity of the structure.

To build such a staircase, you should follow the following steps sequentially:

By adjusting the length of the steps, we get a ready-to-use product - an extension ladder.

Rubber “shoes” are installed on the lower part of the side beams. This will reduce the potential for slipping and increase the stability of the structure. Now it should be properly treated with paint or varnish.

This will avoid the negative effects of moisture, temperature and time on wood.

Screw

Introduction

Installation of a staircase, like any other structure, is carried out in stages. First of all, parts are always installed that perform the function of load-bearing elements and access to which will be difficult in the future.

However, each master has his own exact sequence of assembling individual elements, and any of these methods does not claim to be the only correct one.

To avoid asymmetry, after each stage of work, check with a level that the horizontal and vertical projections are observed.

Wood grain direction

When manufacturing staircase elements, you should pay special ATTENTION to the direction of the wood grain . Drawings must be transferred to the source material, taking this feature into account, along the greatest direction of the template.

Wood has such a quality as anisotropy - that is, its physical and mechanical properties differ depending on the direction within the medium. For example, the compressive strength of wood along the fibers is 3-4 times greater than across the grain, the tensile strength is more than 30 times greater, and the indicators for fracture and chipping are similar. Professional carpenters know these nuances and produce products in accordance with certain rules that allow them to achieve the highest possible reliability of the final product.

For example, the winder step at the junction with the turning post has a rather small support surface, as a result of which an increased load is applied to this place. If the wood fibers are located parallel to the front edge (that is, along the larger side), the load is distributed evenly over the entire element , and if perpendicular, then near the attachment point, a break will soon occur along the direction of the fibers in the narrowest place.

The situation is similar with stringers in places where steps are cut - the direction of the wood fibers must be parallel to the upper and lower edges of the board. Otherwise, unreasonable arrangement of fibers will definitely lead to the appearance of a defect.

In this article we will talk about how to make a wooden staircase for the porch of a house yourself. Let's consider the features of choosing material for stairs and the basics of its processing.

Calculations

This stage is the most critical. Modeling is the process of finding the optimal relationship between the dimensions of a structure and the ease of its use.

This is interesting: how to make calculations for a wooden staircase?

For a comfortable ascent, the width of the steps must correlate with the angles of inclination of the flights of stairs. Here it is necessary to take into account that the steeper the angle of inclination, the higher the height of the riser should be.

On average, this characteristic should be 150-180 mm. The width should not exceed 250-300 mm. If the angle of inclination exceeds 45° or, conversely, does not exceed 20°, then the described ratios will have completely different figures. However, it is recommended to adhere to the specified parameters, since they provide proper comfort.

What to do if these conditions cannot be met? Well, in this case, why not build a rotating structure? The main thing is not to reduce the width of the tread, otherwise the staircase will be dangerous.

Important! Another mandatory requirement is maintaining the same width of all steps. The only exception is the rotating elements.

The role of stairs in a home

The staircase at the entrance to the home plays an important role, and its arrangement must be given the utmost attention, since it takes on a large load.

Let's try to figure out how to make a wooden staircase for a porch with your own hands, choose the right material, shape and color of the structure, so that it creates harmony with the porch of the house.

Advantages of wooden stairs to the porch

Ease of processing the material;
Low weight does not create obstacles for transporting wood;
The ability to create fancy decorative designs;

Disadvantages of wooden stairs to the porch

The disadvantages of some types of wood for creating a wooden staircase for the porch of a house can be compensated for by the correct selection of material.

How to choose wood for the stairs to the house

Pine staircase

Needs periodic treatment with antiseptic compounds against rot;
The density of the material is low compared to larch;
Can be easily processed;
The cheapness of wood and its widespread availability make it popular.

Larch stairs

High density of wood (the material can last for centuries and turn into stone);
Resistance to putrefactive processes and deformation;
Expensive;
It has a low prevalence in the building materials market, since its growing area is small. Importing larch from remote regions only increases its cost.

Thus, pine is a more affordable and budget-friendly material for making wooden stairs to the porch with your own hands. Larch, if desired, can be afforded by home owners for whom costs are not of great importance.

Drawing a drawing of a wooden staircase for a porch

This stage before starting work is a mandatory point in the process of creating stairs for the house. To make a high-quality sketch, it is necessary to carry out careful measurements and calculations, taking into account the following parameters:

Structure height

To get it, you need to measure the distance from the ground to the top of the porch or doorway if the staircase is planned directly to enter the house.

As a last resort, you need to make a gap from the door opening to the top step, taking into account the fact that wood is prone to expansion when humidity is high, and this threatens to block the entrance.

Stair slope angle

After measuring the height of the stairs, it is necessary to calculate the maximum expected slope. When making calculations, remember that an extremely steep staircase is inconvenient to use, and a too sloping one takes up a lot of space.

The angle of inclination of the structure is adjusted by lengthening or shortening a continuous sequence of steps between two platforms.

Length of string or bowstring

The bowstring is a structure with special grooves that are necessary to secure the steps. Stringer - the design of a flight of stairs, is a beam with a comb located on it for installing steps.

Scheme for installing steps for a wooden staircase on stringers on the porch and bowstrings.

Important! Do not build a very steep or sloping staircase, if its length is within 5 meters.

Formula for calculating stringer c = a / sin (α)

c is the length of the stringer;
a is the height of the stairs;
α is the roll angle of the flight of stairs.

Taking into account the angle of inclination of the stairs, you can calculate the distance to the first step from the porch using the formula for the length of the stringer:

a – height of the stairs;
b – gap to the first step from the porch;
c – length of the flight of stairs

The width of the stairs most often corresponds to 9 m, so that at least a person can stand on it. If the yard area allows, the staircase can be made wider for the convenience of the residents of the house.

Size and number of steps

If you get a result of about half a meter, you will need 5 steps. The height of the riser ranges from 150 to 200 mm. When calculating the depth and height of the steps, the level of ease of use of the structure is taken into account; everyone determines it for themselves.

Instructions for determining the size of wooden steps for a porch

The calculation must begin by measuring the height of the porch or the gap between the ground level and the threshold.
The depth of the step, as specified by SNiP, must be at least 30 cm. Thus, if the span length = 1 m, then 3 steps can be placed, with a depth of 3 m 30 cm.
It is necessary to check compliance with accepted standards. A simple wooden staircase to the porch, half a meter high, is divided into the required number of steps. Result: 50: 3 = 16.5 cm.
At the end of the calculations and measurements, the result is transferred to the drawing of a wooden staircase for the porch.

Stepladders are perhaps the most popular and necessary stairs; they are used in everyday life and in other areas of activity. This article will describe the method of making an extension ladder, with a detailed photo report.

Hello everybody! How to get to an object that is at a height beyond your reach? How to collect fruits from the very top of a tree or paint a house? Such questions, most likely, have visited you more than once; it was for these purposes that a special device was invented, which was called a Stepladder.

Stepladders are perhaps the most popular and necessary stairs; they are used in everyday life and in other areas of activity. This article will describe the method of making an extension ladder, with a detailed photo report.

To make the stairs we will need:

— two beams 60*40 mm; — timber 50*35 mm; - self-tapping screws; - dye.

- a hacksaw or other available cutting tool; - Sander; - drill; - hammer; - axe; — mount.

In summer there are mosquitoes, in winter it is cold. And if you have to go several times, and even go to the toilet at night, then the problem becomes insoluble.

Design requirements

The choice of design and calculation of its characteristics primarily depend on the characteristics of the room. For design, it is possible to use special computer applications that allow you to independently calculate the width of the step, the height of the finished structure and other characteristics of the structure. When calculating the dimensions of the stairs, it is important to consider the following parameters:

the height of the ceilings in the room where we are making the stairs;
span width;
width of steps;
for a large staircase there must be enough free space, both at the lower and upper mounting points, where the staircase supports are also attached;
design features of the ceiling on the second floor;
distance between steps;
march inclination angle.

After the full calculation has been carried out, the assembly will not take long.

How the idea came

In summer there are mosquitoes, in winter it is cold. And if you have to go several times, and even go to the toilet at night, then the problem becomes insoluble.

In order not to experience the inconvenience of going into “outer space,” it was necessary to build a staircase inside the house. The problem is that it takes up a lot of space.

And I came up with an idea: to make the stairs steeper, and underneath it to arrange a toilet room, install a toilet, a sink and a sink.

As you can see in the photo, there is quite enough space, thanks to the steep stairs.

It turned out pretty good!

If you like such a table for a circular table, then you can make it from the drawings and materials below.

Simple do-it-yourself entrance staircase made of timber

It's so easy to make an entrance staircase! It’s not easy to do, but very simple!

A couple of photos of how it was done.

It turned out pretty good!

A simple and reliable ladder!

Dimensions and drawings for folding stepladder

A do-it-yourself wooden stepladder should be made safe and convenient for ascent and descent.

Optimal criteria for placing crossbars:

How to choose the right steps for a shelving stepladder

Stepladder height according to drawings and in reality

How to make a stepladder at the correct and safe height? Basically, the height of the ladder ladder is 200 - 210 cm at the top, where the supports are connected to the strings. The height of the last crossbar should be approximately 30-40 cm lower so that the ladder remains stable. The functional height of a stepladder made by yourself will be approximately 150 - 170 cm. Higher is risky, you can lose stability. You can reach the ceiling, a lamp, or hang a picture in any case.

It is worth noting that structures with dowels last longer and are more integral. Wooden nails also have disadvantages:

Installation of a wooden staircase in 10 steps

Before you make a wooden staircase yourself, you need to decide whether you will have a stringer or a bowstring. We will make a ladder with a bowstring, since this option is simpler.

Fixing treads on bars or metal corners is much simpler, but inserting them into a bowstring looks more elegant

Material selection

For the bowstring, a 400×50 mm beam is taken;
For steps, board 300×40 mm;
Wood glue;
Metal studs (diameter 8 - 12 mm), plus nuts and wide washers for them;
Reinforced metal corners 50 mm wide;
Dowel-nails or anchors.

Tool

Hand-held circular saw;
Set of chisels;
Hammer;
Electric drill;
Screwdriver;
Set of open-end wrenches;
Knife;
Level;
Roulette.

Installation Rules

In order for the assembly of a wooden structure to be correct, the craftsman will need to not only install the dowels correctly, but also prepare the necessary tools, in particular, a drill. The step-by-step instructions for the procedure are as follows.

If a crack develops in the dowel during installation of the beam, the product is drilled out and the operation is repeated again.

In order to qualitatively assemble a structure from timber using dowels, you should adhere to certain rules. Expert recommendations for correct and reliable fixation of wood fasteners:

Sometimes purchased dowels may not be enough to build a structure made of timber . In this case, the devices can be made with your own hands by turning them on a machine from high-quality wood. The material should be chosen that has no knots or defects. It is strictly not recommended to make dowels from hygroscopic material.

During work , you should ensure that the diameter of the rod exceeds 2.5 cm. The length of the dowel can be selected according to your own preferences, usually it is 150-200 cm. It is important for the master to choose the right shape and size of the fastener. In the case of high-quality assembly of a timber structure and the use of high-quality dowels, the consumer can count on a long service life of the structure.

Do-it-yourself staircase made of timber 150x150 - features