What is the name of the tree on which acorns grow?

The acorn, despite its modest size, has great nutritional and energy value. But most people know about it only from the hand-made side. Oak fruits are often used to create original installations. Children's crafts from them look especially interesting, since creating a copy of a forest clearing based on such natural material is quite simple. Adding to the ease is the fact that finding the main “character” of the fake is really not difficult - you just need to go to the nearest park.

Description [edit | edit code ]

Most oak trees are healthy, dense trees. Many species of this genus belong to the so-called evergreens, that is, they are equipped with leathery leaves that remain on the plant for several years. In others, the leaves fall off annually or, when dry, remain on the tree and are gradually destroyed. Most evergreen species have entire leaves, others have lobed leaves. The flowers are monoecious: male and female on the same plant. Female flowers form small bunches or earrings, while male flowers are collected in hanging or standing, often long earrings. The floral integument is simple, poorly developed, but at the base of the female flowers many scale-like leaves are formed, located on an annular ridge, which is nothing more than an overgrown receptacle. Flower formula: ∗ P ( 6 − 8 ) A 6 − 10 G 0 <(6-8)>;A_<6-10>;G_<0>> and ∗ P 3 + 3 A 0 G ( 3 _ ) < 3+3>;A_<0>;G_<(<3>>)>> [4] .

When the fruits ripen, this roller, together with its scales, grows even more and thus a characteristic saucer is formed - a plus, which envelops the oak fruit, or acorn, from below. In different types of oak, the size of acorns and the shape of the scales are extremely varied: in some the scales are very small, in others, like the Hungarian oak, they are almost a centimeter long, turned away, etc. The ovary of oak flowers is almost always three-locular; but during the ripening of the fruit, only one nest grows and a single-seeded fruit with a strong, leathery pericarp is obtained, which is classified as a nut-shaped fruit.

Contraindications to treatment with acorns and their consumption

Oak nuts contain quercetin, which is harmful to the human body. In view of the above, it is strictly not recommended to consume these fruits raw, so as not to have health problems. In order to eliminate the harmful effect of the presented component, you will need to fill the acorns with water and leave them for a day. In this case, the water will need to be changed periodically, and after 24 hours the fruits will be ready for heat treatment.

In addition, acorns are not recommended for people with digestive problems due to the fact that their digestion takes a long time. Well, the last contraindication to eating acorns will be individual intolerance to the components contained in this fruit.

The most famous types [edit | edit code ]

Different types of oak are common in temperate and warm countries; in hot countries - in the mountains. In South America, with the exception of its northern tip, there is none; They are also not available in Australia; in Africa only in countries near the Mediterranean Sea. In central Europe there are up to 20 species.

In Russia, only one species is significantly widespread - English oak ( Quercus robur

L.) with two varieties: the difference between them is that one blooms in mid or late spring - this is the
summer oak
, and the other two or three weeks later - this is
the winter oak
.

Oak reaches in northwestern Russia as far as Finland, up to 60° and even 61° northern latitude. In the eastern direction, the northern limit of oak distribution gradually descends to the south, and, approaching the Ural ridge, drops to 57° and somewhat to the south. The Urals are the eastern border of the pedunculate oak range.

In western Russia and on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus there is a species that is very common in the rest of Europe - Sessile Oak ( Quercus petraea

(Matt.) Liebl. ). Both of these oaks make up the main composition of Russian oak forests and groves, the number and extent of which are decreasing every year.

Another species grows in the Amur region and the Far East - Mongolian oak ( Quercus mongolica

Fisch. ex Ledeb. ), jagged oak is less common there. There is a small relict grove of Mongolian oak in Transbaikalia, not far from the Uryupino border post [5].

In the 1950s–1980s, attempts were made to acclimatize oak in the Altai Territory. If the plantings of the 1950s took place with varying degrees of success, then the plantings of the 1980s turned out to be successful: oaks took root and bear fruit, acorns are carried by birds and chipmunks over considerable distances, where they also take root [6].

Practical significance of trees of the genus Quercus

In total, there are about 450 species of oak in the world, many of them are used in the furniture industry, shipbuilding, and have medicinal properties and nutritional value. In past centuries, oak forests were severely damaged in densely populated areas due to land plowing and the use of wood in construction. On the coasts, straight trunks are still used to make boats and ships. For a long time, bark and wood have been a source of tanning compounds in the tanning industry. Wool dye is obtained from leaves and acorns.

Oak wood is dense, hard, and resistant to rot even in wet conditions. Beautiful color and texture, elasticity and other properties allow the material to be widely used in house construction and the furniture industry. If the trunks lie under water for years without access to air, they darken and become even more durable (“bog oak”). The flexibility and odorlessness of wood are highly valued in the production of barrels for cognac, alcohol, beer, and wine.

Usage [ edit | edit code ]

Oak timber and ornamental timber are produced mainly by the named Russian-European species. Of the other types of oak, the most important is Cork Oak ( Quercus suber

), growing in southern France, Spain, Algeria, and on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. It is remarkable for the unusually thick layer of cork that forms in its bark. This layer is several centimeters thick and is used to make bottle caps. Removal of this cork layer begins with 10- or 15-year-old trees. The first plug is no good, but after 8-12 years a new one grows, which goes into use. After the second shooting, the third layer is removed after a certain period of time, etc.

Evergreen Holm Oak ( Quercus ilex

), growing in Italy and in the Mediterranean region in general, produces sweet acorns that are used as food. Many oaks in the east and in warm countries of America, especially in California, are distinguished by the same thing; they were widely used as food by the American Indians. In addition, acorns are used to feed livestock. Acorns from oak trees growing in Russia are used only for making acorn coffee.

Also, under oak trees, forming a symbiotic relationship with their root system, grow the most expensive mushrooms - truffles.

In music[edit | edit code ]

The magic flute from W. A. Mozart's opera is carved from thousand-year-old oak wood. The magic flute then turns into gold.

Coffee drink made from acorns [edit | edit code ]

The powder for the coffee drink can be prepared in advance or used fresh. It should be borne in mind that pre-prepared powder quickly loses its aroma due to evaporation and destruction of the oils included in it. To prepare a freshly ground coffee drink, specially harvested and prepared acorns are ground in a coffee grinder and brewed like coffee. Ripe, large acorns of green color are harvested, hard to the touch, since soft ones that can be pressed with a finger are wormy. One of the drying options: spread the washed acorns on a baking sheet in one layer and place in a preheated oven. During this time, most of the acorns will burst from the evaporation of moisture inside and turn dark brown. After ten minutes, remove and shell the acorns. To prepare the coffee drink powder, while they are hot, grind the acorns through a meat grinder and place the resulting “minced meat” on baking sheets for further drying in the oven with the door open. Store in a dark place, in a hermetically sealed jar, or in a hygroscopic linen or paper bag.

How to dry?

The article has already said that before storing acorns, they must be thoroughly dried.

To do this, you need to rinse them thoroughly in a bowl of clean water and clean them with a brush, carefully removing any dirt, stuck leaves and insect larvae. Then transfer it to a dry towel lying somewhere near the battery, but not close to it.

Let dry.

If you haven't already thrown out spoiled acorns, you should do so now. Such oak fruits are completely unsuitable for crafts. Inspect them for small holes. If they are present, it means that the acorns have been spoiled by insects. They should also be thrown in the trash. Next, heat the oven to approximately 79-80 degrees. Place good acorns on a baking sheet and place into it. The doors should be slightly open so that the oak fruits dry and do not bake.

In total, the acorns should be in the oven for about 1.5-2 hours. During this time they need to be mixed several times. When the fruits are thoroughly dry, they should be taken out, allowed to cool and sorted. All acorns that have spoiled during the process should be thrown away immediately; the rest can already be used to create crafts. You can figure out what exactly to make from them yourself or look in books or special magazines dedicated to needlework.

Wood [ edit | edit code ]

Oak wood is distinguished by its strength, strength, density, hardness and heaviness. The properties of wood depend on the growing conditions of the tree. This is how it differs:

bog oak
,
oak
or
stone
, grown in dry sandy places - in oak groves or pine forests; its bark is thick, almost black; the wood is fine-grained, straw-yellow in color, hard, but has little elasticity;
ols oak
,
lead
,
iron
or
water oak
, growing along the banks of flowing waters and in elevated places, among alder swamps (
ols
); it has leathery bark of a light bluish-gray color, covered with whitish spots, and a straight trunk with a dense, rarely dry, top; large-layer wood with a pale pink tint and white sapwood, very heavy, very elastic, but very cracking when dried;
in the middle places between the pine forest and the olsa, an oak tree grows with wood of transitional qualities - yellowish, with white sapwood, more elastic than the oak oak, but lower than the olsa oak, and inferior in hardness to both; the bark on the trunk is thick, soft, gray-brown, covered in cracks with a reddish coating, and on the north side with greenish moss; dryness and hollowness of the butt part of the trunk are quite common.

Oak wood is an excellent building and ornamental material: it is used for underwater and land buildings, the construction of underwater and main parts of wooden ships (mainly summer oak) and as cooperage, carriage, machine, furniture, parquet and carpentry timber (winter oak is preferred); The latter especially value bog oak, which has lain in water for a long time (up to a hundred years) and has dark, almost black wood. Suitable for artificial aging (brushing).

Even cannonballs fired from cannonballs could bounce off the sides of the USS Constitution, made of Virginia oak [8].

Although the heat of combustion of oak wood is higher than that of other wood species in central Russia, complete combustion of oak wood requires a large air draft; oak charcoal does not hold heat well.

Rules of care

Now you need to be patient.
The seed will first produce a root, and after 23–28 days a sprout should appear. At this stage, the main task is to ensure good lighting. If there is not enough light, the seedling is unlikely to have time to grow stronger during the season. Therefore, you should not place a container with a plant on window sills on the north side of the house or windows that are shaded by nearby high-rise buildings. If there is no bright place in the apartment, it is better to buy a special light bulb for plants and install it as a source of additional lighting. It is also highly recommended to keep the tree in conditions as close to natural as possible. It’s great if there is a balcony or open window sill. Otherwise, a few weeks before transplanting to a permanent place, you need to harden it outside. At the same time, a few minutes is enough for the first time. At first, you cannot place the container with the seedling in a sunny place; the leaves may get burned.

Now the question of whether it is possible to grow an oak from an acorn disappears by itself. This is quite easy to do even for a schoolchild.

Oak in oral folk art [edit | edit code ]

In the cosmic worldview of the Slavs, the world tree was transformed into the folklore image of an oak tree growing on the island of Buyan, in the middle of the Ocean-Sea. “On the Sea-Ocean, on Buyan Island there is a green oak tree,” - this is how many Russian folk tales begin [12]. According to the beliefs of the ancient Slavs, the snake Zmiulan, who embodies the element of fire, lives in the hollow of an ancient oak tree. He can inspire love in a woman in order to marry her. As a wedding gift, the snake brings jewelry, which it takes out through a hollow from underground storerooms. Men who wanted to inspire love for their chosen one turned to Zmiulan for help. In Rus' there was a belief that Nikola Duplinsky lived in the hollow of a huge oak tree. And if you pray to him earnestly, he will fulfill any desire [7]: 40-41.

Some peoples believed that hollow trees felled by a storm could restore youth to a person and bring health. Such a tree in G. Longfellow’s poem “The Song of Hiawatha” turns out to be an oak:

On their way, in the wilds of the forest, an Oak lay, perished in a storm, a giant Oak, covered with moss, half-rotted under the foliage, blackened and hollow. Seeing him, Osezo suddenly let out a sad cry and jumped into the hollow, like into a hole. Old, dirty, ugly, He fell into it, and came out - Strong, slender and tall, a handsome young man! [7] :41

King Holly and King Oak are an archetype identified by Robert Graves in European folklore, eternal opponents, each of whom belongs to half the year.

Problems: fungus, worm larvae

Acorns can be damaged by various fungal diseases.
The marsupial fungus Stromatinia pseudotuberosa causes mummification of acorns, in which the seed turns into a black, loose mass of fungus. Some fungi cause rot, a sign of which is a layer of cobwebby or filmy mycelium on the seeds. Penicillium fungi cause yellowing of the cotyledons. The larvae of some insects grow and develop in acorns, for example, the larvae of the acorn weevil. The larvae feed on cotyledons, gnawing holes in them.

Important!

A sign of damage to acorns is holes in the outer dense shell.

First of all, insects damage single-growing trees and edge oaks, as well as thinned plantings.

Monument oaks and protected oaks [edit | edit code ]

There are many individual trees in the oak genus that have become widely known either because of their age, size, or other unique reasons. Many of them are considered tourist attractions and are protected. Among them we can note: Mamvrian oak, Stelmuzhsky oak, Pansky oak, Tsar Oak, Kaiser Oak, Chapel Oak, Bogatyr of Taurida, 600-year-old oak, Granite oak.

The oak grove in the vicinity of the village of Shemakha is a protected area in the Chelyabinsk region, the extreme north-eastern distribution area of pedunculate oak.

What does the word OAK

in dictionaries:

“I’ll be alive, I’ll see the OAK
” (palindrome)
“Recently the OAK
towered above the heights in arrogant beauty”
“A huge OAK
grows from a tiny acorn”
"Father of the Acorn"
“Which father has sons in hats?” (mystery)
“Having stripped the green OAK tree
, their guy made a log house”
“This OAK
will still make some noise!” (from the TV movie "Sorcerers")
Rich in acorns
Large deciduous tree with durable wood from the beech family
At the beginning of the 19th century, a mighty tree grew on the Kamenny Island of St. Petersburg, planted by Peter the Great himself.
Viktor Pavlov in "Obsession"
Beloved of the thin rowan
Tree "near Lukomorye"
Tree of Andrei Bolkonsky
Tree in Lukomorye
Wood for parquet
A tree with the wrong honey, according to Winnie the Pooh
Tree of the beech family, forest-forming species
Tree with golden chain
Tree, king of the forest
The tree under which Piglet ran, saying: “It seems like it’s starting to rain!”
A tree that pigs love to dig under
The tree from which Winnie the Pooh fell
The tree with which the bull is compared
The tree that has become a symbol of stupidity
Tree-hero
Tree witch in a dark blue forest
Wood for a magic wand from the TV movie "Sorcerers"
The wood of which tree cracks a lot in severe frosts?
Wood for the construction of a Russian bathhouse
He was eaten by a crippled saw
Food for the crippled saw
Acorns, tree
An acorn that lived to old age
Green tree near Lukomorye
A golden chain hangs on it
What kind of wood did Pushkin's Prince Guidon make his bow from?
What kind of wood did the son of Tsar Saltan make his bow from when he came out of the barrel?
What tree can grow from an acorn?
What tree grew near Lukomorye?
Which tree, according to mystics, gets rid of three dubious qualities at once - envy, jealousy and suspicion?
Painting by French artist Jules Dupre “Big OAK
”
Movie character by Viktor Pavlov in the short story “Obsession” from “The Adventures of Shurik”
Sorcerer in a dark blue forest
The strength of this tree has become a symbol of stupidity
Who is the Prince from the cartoon “Three Heroes. Knight's move” won in Kyiv caskets?
Medicinal plant
Lukomorn. tree with a mermaid on the branches
Lukomore tree
Lukomor tree with golden chain
Best wood for barrels
Favorite lightning tree
An ancient tree loved by pigs
What tree do acorns grow on?
On which tree was the chest containing Koshchei's death kept?
The name of the operation during which, in the mountainous region of Abruzzo, a group of German paratroopers freed former Prime Minister Mussolini from custody
What is the “workplace” of the scientist’s cat?
Overthrown tree from Pushkin's "Aquilon"
Parquet wood
Sailing cargo coastal ship
Patriarch of the Russian forest
Fruits with acorns
The fruits of this tree are considered the first bread of man, warriors were awarded a wreath of its leaves, the Slavs believed that rejuvenating apples grew on it, and only it was called a tree
Under what tree was the Pig rummaging in Krylov’s fable?
Under what tree did Honore de Balzac's first kiss happen with Evelina Ganskaya?
The pig was eating under him
Sprouted acorn
Sprouted and matured acorn
Pushkin's "Patriarch of the Forests"
The Romans dedicated this tree to Jupiter, the Greeks to Apollo, and the Slavs to Perun.
The most dangerous tree for humans during a thunderstorm
Sacred tree of the Druids
The old tree with which Andrei Bolkonsky compared himself
Centennial or cork
At which tree was the body of the gray-eyed king from Anna Akhmatova's poem found?
Petiolate, cork
tree for Prince Guidon's bow
tree with acorns
pig's favorite tree
tree in the photo
acorn perspective
stood at the Lukomorye (tale)

Which tree, according to mystics, gets rid of three dubious qualities at once - envy, jealousy and suspicion?

According to various sources, the oak family reaches 450...600 species. Representatives grow in different parts of the planet in temperate latitudes, where the climate suits the needs of the tree.

Russia is one of the most favorable countries for oak growth: territories with nutritious soil, open areas without shade, sufficient rainfall and optimal temperature conditions for the plant.

Acorns are very nutritious

Although the exact nutrient profile varies depending on the type of acorn, all are rich in essential nutrients.

Acorns are especially rich in potassium, iron, vitamins A and E, as well as a number of other important minerals ().

Additionally, these nuts are low in calories. Most of their calories come in the form of healthy unsaturated fats ().

A 30-gram serving of dried acorns contains the following nutrients (, ,):

Calorie content: 144 kcal
Protein: 2 grams
Fat: 9 grams
Carbohydrates: 15 grams
Fiber: 4 grams
Vitamin A: 44% of recommended daily intake (RDI)
Vitamin E: 20% of RDI
Iron: 19% of RDI
Manganese: 19% of RDI
Potassium: 12% of RDI
Vitamin B6: 10% of RDA
Folate: 8% of RDI

Scientists have also identified more than 60 beneficial plant compounds in acorns, including catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, and gallic acid—powerful antioxidants that can help protect your cells from damage ().

These antioxidants have numerous beneficial properties, such as reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer (,).

general description

Regardless of the type and variety of tree, oak has common distinctive features that determine its genus:

The height of the individual is from 25 to 40 meters;
Spreading deciduous or evergreen crown;
The leaves of oaks of different varieties are lobed or serrated with pinnate venation;
The bark is rough, with age-related cracks;
The trunk in young individuals is thin, in older ones it is noticeably thickened and massive.

Many species bloom at the same time their leaves emerge . Female and male flowers are on the same tree:

The female ones are located in the leaf axils at the tops of young shoots (as in the photo). Perianth in 3 sections, poorly developed;

Male flowers are collected in earrings at the base of the shoots. The perianth is divided into 5-7 sections, up to 12 stamens.

Pollination occurs in the usual ways: by wind or insects.

The fruit of the oak tree is an acorn, it ripens in the fall, and after wintering a new tree begins to grow . At the base there is always a hard, flattened cap, by which one can always determine whether it belongs to the oak family. The shape of the fruit is elongated or spherical, from golden to brown in color, depending on the type of plant and its place of growth.

The oak tree is propagated by cuttings, planting acorns; resumption of growth can occur from a living stump.

Botanical classification

Regardless of the variety, the scientific classification of the genus is as follows:

English oak occupies the conventional place of the end of the logical chain; in its place you can safely put the remaining types of wood.

Habitat

Oak is common in temperate climates and grows naturally in different countries:

In Russia (Far East, Siberia, Central Asia, Vladikavkaz);
In Western and Southern Europe;
In Canada;
USA.

How to collect?

Having determined the time to collect acorns for crafts and the place, hit the road. In the forest, select 2-3 of the most powerful and healthy trees with a sufficient number of acorns. You may need a telescope or binoculars to see them, so be sure to take these items with you from home. Try to remember the place where the trees grow. This will make your task much easier in the future.

Now about how to collect acorns correctly. There are two ways to do this. The first is to collect them near the foot of the oak tree, removing fallen leaves, branches and grass that interfere. Here you should carefully watch to ensure that the fruits are not of low quality or diseased. The second way is to shake the tree, spreading a wide tarpaulin or polyethylene around the trunk in advance

In this case, it is very important to run away in time, otherwise you will be “shot” from head to toe

Main types of mighty oaks

The genus includes up to five thousand (and maybe more) varieties of this tree, known to everyone.

Oaks of Russia

Petiolate (Quercus robur) is a traditional representative for Russia and Western European countries.

Resistance to large temperature changes;
Tolerance to prolonged drought;
Wind resistant.

Prefers good fertile soil. In field conditions, the plant reaches 50 meters in height. In group plantings, individuals are lower, the crowns are located in the upper part of the trunk, which ensures high light-loving properties. The leaves are large - up to 15 cm in length. English oak is considered a long-liver - the age of individual individuals is 1500 years with an average life expectancy of 300-500 years.

Chestnut-leaved oak is a rare representative of the genus, listed in the Red Book. It was actively felled for use for construction purposes - its wood is highly frost-resistant and hard. The trunk can stretch up to 30 meters, the crown has the shape of a tent. The leaves with pointed triangular edges are similar to the foliage of the chestnut tree, from which the species gets its name.

In Russia, the chestnut-leaved plant is found in deciduous forests and in artificial park areas. Active work is underway to restore the population of this species.

Large anther oak grows in the southern mountainous regions of the Caucasus. Artificially planted in park areas.

Short leaf (up to 8 cm) with blunt blades;
Photophilia;
Slow growth;
Resistant to drought and frost.

Mongolian oak has an attractive decorative appearance, for which landscape designers love it. In Russia, the tree is planted in alleys as an array or tapeworm on plots of land.

The leaves of the representative are elongated, reaching 20 cm. In summer, their color is dark green, at the beginning of falling - bright brown. The tree grows well in light partial shade.

Gartvis oak (Armenian) begins its genus in the Western Caucasus. The leaves are obovate, with up to 12 rounded pairs. Acorns form and develop on long stalks. Due to the characteristics of their origin, they love moderate shade, humidity, warm temperatures, and fertile soil. It does not tolerate winter well, so it cannot grow in colder regions.

American oak genus

The following plant varieties originate on the American continent:

Red is a bright powerful tree up to 30 (sometimes 50) meters high. The trunk diameter reaches 1 meter. A distinctive feature is the specific color of the leaves: after blooming they have a reddish base, in summer they are bright green, in autumn they acquire a crimson or bright brown hue. In other characteristics, the tree is similar to the Russian petiolate representative of the genus.

Its bright color has made red oak a popular decoration for urban landscapes - the tree is artificially grown in different parts of the world.

Northern (boreal) native to North America, similar to red. Egg-shaped crown and leaves. The trunk differs from other representatives in its smoothness - it is less susceptible to coarsening and cracking.

The leaf reaches 25 cm in length and turns bright red in autumn.

The tree is common in European countries and grows in forests and parks.

The stone evergreen giant is like a classic from the movies - a wide spreading crown with sparse branches, a large diameter trunk with gray bark and deep cracks.

The leaves of holm oaks are small - up to 8 cm. They are distinguished by a yellowish or white base, sometimes with hairiness.

The tree is unpretentious to living conditions: it grows on any soil under any lighting conditions . Suitable for floral decoration.

The genus of holm oak includes several decorative subspecies: curly, small- and round-leaved, long-leaved, narrow-leaved, golden-variegated, Ford's form.

Large-fruited oak is distinguished by the presence of enlarged acorns - up to 5 cm in length. The plus occupies about half the length of the fetus. The peduncle is short.

The tree has interesting leaves: elongated with a wedge-shaped base, up to 5 pairs of lobes. When they bloom, they have a silvery color with a sputtering effect, then they turn richly green, acquire shine, and the lower plane turns slightly white.

The tree loves moisture, so it grows in rainy areas or near water bodies.

Willow can be confused with willow due to the similar leaf shape - narrow, oblong, up to 12 cm in length. The crown acquires a dull yellow color in autumn.

Unlike willow, willow oak is unpretentious to the soil and place of growth: it lives in deciduous forests and looks good in artificial parklands.

Europe and Mediterranean

Cork oak is an evergreen tree up to 20 meters in height. Small oval leaves up to 6 cm in length with a shiny surface and a pubescent base. The acorns are small, deeply recessed into the plus.

The cork plant loves moisture, but is resistant to drought and grows slowly . It is planted in alleys and squares.

It is a valuable cork plant native to the Mediterranean.

The rocky (sessile-flowered) species is widely used as the main plant in forests and parks. The leaf has a long two-centimeter petiole, while female acorns and flowers have a short stalk.

The tree loves warmth, shade, and moderate humidity. The genus originates in Eastern Europe: in the Carpathians, Moldova, Ukraine, and is slightly distributed in Western Europe.

A fluffy oak tree often resembles a bush up to 10 meters high (as in the photo). Its leaves, flowers, shoots and acorns have felt pubescence, the fruits are deeply recessed into the plus. It grows on calcareous and dry soils in natural conditions; it is difficult to cultivate (almost never occurs). At the same time, the crown is trimmed and shaped, serving as an excellent background for a higher composition.

Author: Maria Sukhorukikh
Print

Rate this article:

(0 votes, average: 0 out of 5)

Share with your friends!

Planting an acorn at home

To breed oak, you need to select high-quality fruit specimens. To determine suitability, nuts are placed in water. Specimens that float to the surface are thrown away, and those remaining at the bottom are used for planting. Selected nuts are placed in the refrigerator for a period of two months to create winter conditions. The seeds are first hermetically packaged with the addition of a moisture-containing substance.

After the roots appear, the acorns are placed horizontally in a box with prepared soil. During two weeks of planting it is necessary to water abundantly. After several leaves appear, the sprouted plant is planted in a permanent place of growth in the garden soil with the following signs:

The length of the sprouts should reach 15 cm.
The main root is developed.
The seedling is two weeks old.
The root system is without signs of disease.

The place in the garden should be illuminated and sunny. There should be no pipeline or other crops growing near the site that could limit the freedom of the young tree. A planting site two meters in diameter needs to be cleared and dug up. It is better to plant two plants side by side and protect them from mechanical damage by animals or people. Until the plant takes root, it needs to be watered periodically. When the first fruits appear on the tree, see for yourself whether oak acorns can be eaten.

Chemical composition

Reference

Oak seeds are filled with vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body.

They contain many microelements that support performance, eliminate fatigue and promote health:

vitamins B5 (0.715 mg), B6 (0.528 mg), B9 (87 mg), B2 (0.118 mg), B1 (0.112 mg);
calcium (41 mg);
magnesium (62 mg);
potassium (539 mg);
vitamin PP (1.827 mg);
phosphorus (79 mg);
iron (0.79 mg);
manganese (1.337 mg);
copper (621 mcg);
zinc (0.51 mg).

Nutritional value per 100 grams of acorns:

Calorie content - 387 kcal.
Proteins - 6.2 g.
Fats - 23.9 g.
Carbohydrates - 40.8 g.
Dietary fiber - 0 gr.
Water - 28 gr.

Important!

The calorie content of dried acorns is 509 kcal per 100 g of product.

How long is the growth and lifespan of a tree?

Important!

A feature of oak acorns is their rapid germination - the seedlings do not need to overwinter after the fruits fall.

Young plants appear in the same autumn and easily survive the winter under the snow.

On average, up to 10 years, oaks grow slowly, their growth is 5-10 cm per year. Then the average growth increases to 30-35 cm, under favorable year conditions - up to 1.5 m. Growth in height continues up to 200 years. They begin to bear fruit at the age of 40-60 years, with dense plantings - at 70-80 years, sometimes later.

What does it represent?

Is it a nut or not?

A nut is a fruit with an edible kernel and a hard shell. From a botanical point of view, it is a dry, indehiscent fruit with a woody pericarp, inside of which there are one or two loose seeds. The acorn fits this description, but botanists distinguish it as a separate type of fruit, classifying it as nut-shaped or nut-like.

Fruit

The fruit is the final stage of flower development, the generative organ of plants.

Important!

An acorn is the result of pollination and fertilization of a flower, and is therefore considered a fruit.

However, this is a generalized name for any fruit of flowering plants.

Reproductive organ of a plant

A seed is the reproductive organ of plants, the embryonic plant. An acorn, from a botanical point of view, is such a structure, however, only the inner part of this fruit is considered to be a seed, while the remaining parts are additional, ensuring the protection of the embryo and its future development.

Progress of the lesson:

Make yourself comfortable, we will start our today's lesson with a legend. Listen to her.

Legend of the Oak

“Trees, like people, die of old age or die from disease, an ax or fire. They fight each other, and the winners live much longer than the losers. But extraordinary luck is needed for the tree to live its entire lifespan. Such luck falls to one out of many thousands. Once upon a time, trees were alive, they could talk to each other and even move from place to place. The people who lived then understood their language well; they treated trees with care, considering them their friends, because they gave them shelter, protection and food. For fires and building houses, they used only dead trunks that fell to the ground. But as time passed, people needed more and more wood - they built huge houses, and their stoves, like insatiable monsters, continuously devoured fuel. And then axes and saws began to ring in the forests and groves. Former friends fell to the ground with a dull groan, hugging her with their branch-like arms. And gradually people forgot how to understand the language of trees; they no longer needed it. Most often and the very first to die were tall and mighty trees. Some of them tried to escape into the impenetrable thickets, but time passed, and the fugitives were eventually overtaken by an ax or a saw.”

Questions about the legend:

1. How did the legend make you feel? Why? 2. How did trees live before? 3. Why did man need more and more wood? 4. Why did people and trees cease to understand each other and consider each other friends? 5. What can people do to help trees?

Today we have to learn a lot of new and interesting things about this amazing tree. Which one exactly, guess for yourself:

Riddle about the oak tree:

I crawled out of the little barrel, took root and grew up. I have become tall and powerful, I am not afraid of thunderstorms or clouds. I feed pigs and squirrels - It’s okay that my fruit is small. (Oak)

What words of the riddle told you the answer?

A forest in which, in addition to other trees, a large number of oaks grows, is called an oak grove. Repeat this word and try to remember. There is such a sign: “The oak forest is noisy in bad weather.” How do you understand it?

Oak grows slowly, at first in height, later in thickness. The powerful roots of the oak go deep underground, the trunk of the oak is large and powerful, because this tree stands firmly and is not afraid of even very strong winds.

The oak is always taller than all the trees, as it cannot tolerate shadows and reaches up towards the sunlight. Oak trees have dark bark covered with deep, sinuous cracks. The older the tree, the deeper these cracks and wrinkles on the trunk become. Leaves and flowers on oaks appear simultaneously in May, but later than other trees. In autumn, leaves on oak trees fall reluctantly; some remain hanging dry on the branches almost all winter.

Oaks are long-lived trees. How do you understand the word “long-liver”? The one who lives long. Oak trees live a very long time.

Since ancient times, people have considered oak a symbol of durability, strength, health, and beauty.

The oak tree is not afraid of rain and wind at all. Who said that oak is afraid of catching a cold? After all, it remains green until late autumn. This means the oak is hardy. So, hardened! (I. Tokmakova)

Dynamic pause “There is a green oak in the clearing”

In the clearing there is a green oak tree, its crown reaching towards the sky. (Stretching - arms up)

He generously hung acorns on branches in the middle of the forest. (Stretching - arms to the sides)

And below there are mushrooms growing, There are so many of them here today! Don't be lazy and don't be shy, lean over for mushrooms! (Bends forward)

Here the frog jumped, and apparently there wasn’t enough water for it here. And the frog cheerfully jumps straight to the pond, no less. (Jumping in place)

Where can I get it?

Ripe acorns are collected in September-October in oak groves and forests. In city conditions, it is undesirable to collect acorns, as they accumulate harmful substances from the atmosphere from exhaust from cars and industrial enterprises.

English oak is one of the main forest-forming species in the broad-leaved forests of Europe and the European part of Russia. In the taiga zone it is found in mixed forests on watersheds; in the steppes it is found in floodplains and along ravines. It belongs to heat-loving breeds, so it is not found far in the north and high in the mountains.

Important!

Acorns are not stored for long; they germinate quickly or rot under unsuitable conditions.

Useful properties of oak nuts

1. Acorns have a bactericidal effect and are an effective means of fighting tumors.

2. The fruits perfectly relieve cramps during menstruation in the fairer sex, and also help stop heavy bleeding.

3. Tinctures based on acorns are used to cleanse and strengthen the stomach.

4. Acorns are an excellent remedy for treating acute poisoning.

5. Oak nuts are useful for varicose veins.

6. An infusion based on boiling water and oak caps will be an excellent method of treating pancreatitis.

7. Acorns treat chest ulcers and hemoptysis.

8. Oak nuts are an effective method for treating teeth and oral diseases.

9. Oak fruits are useful for chronic colitis.

10. Acorns help people suffering from asthma, cardiovascular diseases and bronchitis.

In addition, oak nuts help increase stamina, strengthen the immune system and improve the overall health of the body. They can also be used in very unusual areas. For example, girls can dye their hair using shells.