How to make a tenon groove with a hand router: tools, instructions

Tools used

In this case, the sampling of material is carried out on the surface of the beams and boards from the side. The main thing is that the proposed connection maintains its dimensions in terms of geometry.

To complete the process using a milling cutter, it is possible to use tools equipped with shanks with a diameter of 8 or 12 millimeters. The so-called groove cutter will become a universal option when performing any type of work. The device is equipped with a cutting part, the basic operating principle of which is described as follows:

The side surface is involved in the formation of the sides of the tenon, the wall part of the grooves.
The side with the end part is used when processing the bottom. After this, the required layer of material is removed from the base of the spike.

The result is the simultaneous formation of both tenons and grooves on the surface on the sides. The sizes can be individually adjusted, and the owner has quite a wide range of options in this regard.

Sometimes for grooves and tenons they choose not a rectangular shape, but the so-called “dovetail” type. This option is relevant if increased requirements are placed on connection reliability. Accordingly, the cutter used is also called a “dovetail” in this case. Such work can be easily done with hand tools if the need arises.

How to make a tongue and groove connection

How to make a tongue and groove connection?

Tenon and groove - what is it?

First of all, you need to define what a tenon and groove is. This is nothing more than a way of connecting parts.

It is used most often in carpentry, as well as in other types of production. There are many types of grooves and tenons, but we'll talk about that another time.

Properly executed tenons and grooves are sufficiently firmly connected to each other. This connection is considered one of the strongest.

Tongue and groove connection method

First you need to determine for what purpose this connection method is needed. If this is a table, then the jumpers in it are usually connected to the vertical legs.

Consequently, the wood fibers run vertically and horizontally. If this is a wall table or a bedside table with drawers, then the jumpers here will be located a little differently. They will be horizontal relative to the legs.

In any case, such a connection will be the most reliable. When making a large number of tongue-and-groove joints, special machines are used. If you need one or more tongue and groove joints, and there is no carpentry equipment at hand, then it would be advisable to do this manually. To do this you will need a set of carpentry tools, including:

hacksaw;
clamp - 2 pcs;
measuring instrument;
pencil for marking.

First we will make a spike for the future connection.
To do this, you need to take a bar and mark the dimensions of the future tenon on it.

Making a device for picking out a tenon

When parts are processed manually, the milling cutter itself does not have additional spatial fixation. But the overall result of the work and the accuracy of the connection itself in the future depend on this.

To assemble the simplest design that can cope with the task, you will need to use:

Several guides that remain stationary. They should be side and top or bottom.
The length of the sample is adjusted through the use of an appropriate movable bar.

For manufacturing, the following sequence of actions is used:

A plywood sheet is taken, from one edge of which the side elements are mounted in a vertical plane. It is necessary to create appropriate cutouts in the center of the material.
The sides are equipped with guides. The base of the hand cutter moves along them later.
The side strips are fixed on the upper guides. Then the movement of the working milling cutter associated with these parts becomes limited.
The plywood sheet, which became the basis for the installation, also serves as a surface for installing the moving element. Then the amount of edge overhang for the future workpiece is easier to control under any circumstances. Fixation is ensured with ordinary screws and other types of fixing devices.

How to make a tenon groove with a hand router: tools, instructions

Using tongue-and-groove joints at home will allow you to independently create beautiful furniture that is also reliable. Even the frames of low-rise buildings are connected using this scheme, especially when it comes to serious loads during operation. Therefore, it will be useful to understand how to make a tenon and groove using manual milling cutters.

Tools used

The side surface is involved in the formation of the sides of the tenon, the wall part of the grooves.
The side with the end part is used when processing the bottom. After this, the required layer of material is removed from the base of the spike.

Making a device for picking out a tenon

To assemble the simplest design that can cope with the task, you will need to use:

Several guides that remain stationary. They should be side and top or bottom.
The length of the sample is adjusted through the use of an appropriate movable bar.

For manufacturing, the following sequence of actions is used:

A plywood sheet is taken, from one edge of which the side elements are mounted in a vertical plane. It is necessary to create appropriate cutouts in the center of the material.
The sides are equipped with guides. The base of the hand cutter moves along them later.
The side strips are fixed on the upper guides. Then the movement of the working milling cutter associated with these parts becomes limited.
The plywood sheet, which became the basis for the installation, also serves as a surface for installing the moving element. Then the amount of edge overhang for the future workpiece is easier to control under any circumstances. Fixation is ensured with ordinary screws and other types of fixing devices.

What are CNC milling machines?

There are several points during manufacturing that require special consideration:

The upper guides have a height corresponding to the sum of the thickness for the part under processing and a small gap at which the wedge involved in fixation is installed.
The forming tenon has a certain length, which is taken into account when determining the vertical thickness of the cutouts in the side elements.

When such devices are used, the work is carried out with the participation of hand-held milling cutters of any modern model.
Fixtures are made in the following way if dovetail connections are required.

A hole is created inside a sheet of plywood with several layers. The cutting part at the cutter itself protrudes from this part.
A plywood sheet is prepared in advance, on the bottom of which the manual router itself is fixed. Clamps and screws are perfect for doing the job, as are other types of fastenings.
The board, 2.5 centimeters thick, is attached to a plywood sheet, which subsequently participates in the movement of the prepared part. The function of the guides is taken over by the design. Boards are consumables with one-time use.

Creating tenons on bars and boards

Processing is performed using the following sequence of actions:

The part to be processed is mounted on a plane from the bottom side.
The edge of the part where the tenon is formed accommodates the cutouts at the guides at the top. The structure moves inward until it hits the end.
A movable type element must be fixed while maintaining a certain position.
We use a wedge tool to connect the guides and the plane located at the top to each other.
Connection of a hand router with the upper guides.
Using a router tool on a home router table, wood is removed from one side.
When the first side of the workpiece is processed, begin the second.

The operation will be successful only with high performance and accuracy parameters. Setup refers to the required steps before the instruments are turned on. To resolve the issue, actions are performed in the following sequence:

The milling tool is lowered until it reaches the surface of the base.
Measuring the thickness of a part.
The thickness result is divided by 4. The result is the distance parameter that is maintained when lifting the cutter above the base.

Wood cutter "Dovetail"

For mortises and tenons under similar circumstances: only half the normal width. This is explained by the characteristics that compounds of this type have.

The main thing is to set up the device correctly and fix it in a suitable position.

The tongue-and-groove joint should end up with some clearance. It is necessary so that later you can conveniently use the adhesive composition.

How to choose a groove with a router?

The solution to the problem depends on where the grooves are located and what size they are. Here are some recommendations for home craftsmen:

The use of open grooves involves securing it to the tabletop and guiding the workpiece along the cutter.
Accuracy is determined by the height of the cutter and the location of the bar.
It is recommended to use wood waste for trial operations. This allows you to avoid mistakes.
Sampling is carried out in stages, with several passes being carried out.

The main thing is to get rid of wood waste in a timely manner after completing each stage. Then the instrument will definitely not suffer from overheating. When doing the work, it is easiest to use a template cut out of plywood. They pass through it with the cutter itself, with the bearing installed.

Conclusion

It is best to use leftover wooden blocks for training. If the holes and joints line up perfectly, you can move directly to the actual building material.

If there are any errors, it is recommended to double-check whether the preliminary markings are applied correctly. After this, repeated training is carried out. Only when everything is correct does the actual implementation of the main work begin.

Source: https://VseOChpu.ru/kak-sdelat-ship-paz-ruchnym-frezerom/

Creating tenons on bars and boards

Processing is performed using the following sequence of actions:

The part to be processed is mounted on a plane from the bottom side.
The edge of the part where the tenon is formed accommodates the cutouts at the guides at the top. The structure moves inward until it hits the end.
A movable type element must be fixed while maintaining a certain position.
We use a wedge tool to connect the guides and the plane located at the top to each other.
Connection of a hand router with the upper guides.
Using a router tool on a home router table, wood is removed from one side.
When the first side of the workpiece is processed, begin the second.

The milling tool is lowered until it reaches the surface of the base.
Measuring the thickness of a part.
The thickness result is divided by 4. The result is the distance parameter that is maintained when lifting the cutter above the base.

Wood cutter "Dovetail"

For mortises and tenons under similar circumstances: only half the normal width. This is explained by the characteristics that compounds of this type have.

The main thing is to set up the device correctly and fix it in a suitable position.

The tongue-and-groove joint should end up with some clearance. It is necessary so that later you can conveniently use the adhesive composition.

How to cut a groove in a board?

The type of connection based on the insertion of a tenon into a groove appeared in Europe almost simultaneously with floorboards and lining. The finishing material is simple and easy to install and has a lot of advantages. True, the cost is more expensive than ordinary boards and strips, but the joints are much neater, and the service life is much longer.

Types of groove boards

Symmetrical groove

Many users have no idea how to choose a groove in a board, believing that the store will offer them only one option for connection and material.

How to choose a groove with a router?

The solution to the problem depends on where the grooves are located and what size they are. Here are some recommendations for home craftsmen:

The use of open grooves involves securing it to the tabletop and guiding the workpiece along the cutter.
Accuracy is determined by the height of the cutter and the location of the bar.
It is recommended to use wood waste for trial operations. This allows you to avoid mistakes.
Sampling is carried out in stages, with several passes being carried out.